Hannah Fry

Most organisations deploying AI have optimised for capability, not accountability. Algorithms now shape hiring, lending, clinical diagnosis, and criminal justice at scale – but the governance structures to challenge them barely exist. The gap between what a model optimises for and what an organisation is actually accountable for is where the real risk lives.

Hannah Fry is a mathematician and Cambridge professor whose research on algorithmic bias and human-machine decision-making – developed at UCL and in her book Hello World – helps organisations understand where AI systems fail and how to design governance that keeps humans genuinely in control.

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Why organisations work with Hannah Fry

  • Hello World (2018) advances a specific governance argument: that AI fails not because the technology is wrong, but because accountability was poorly designed. That gives boards a working framework for AI governance, not just a sharper awareness of risk.
  • Her UCL research was applied directly – she worked with governments, police forces, health analysts, and supermarkets, translating mathematical models of human behaviour into operational decisions. That applied track record is what separates her algorithmic analysis from academic commentary.
  • The accuracy-versus-fairness trade-off in predictive systems is a mathematical problem before it is an ethical one. She can explain it precisely enough for legal, compliance, and strategy leaders to translate it into governance decisions – not just for data teams.
  • She holds Cambridge’s inaugural Professorship in the Public Understanding of Mathematics – a chair that formalises the argument that making quantitative thinking accessible to non-specialists is itself a research discipline.
  • As President of the Institute of Mathematics and its Applications and a Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering, her institutional credibility extends well beyond media profile.

Biography highlights

  • First Professor of the Public Understanding of Mathematics at the University of Cambridge (from January 2025), joining the Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics
  • Previously Professor in the Mathematics of Cities at UCL Centre for Advanced Spatial Analysis; research applied to urban crime, transport, health analysis, and terrorism, with direct advisory roles across government and industry
  • Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering (elected 2022) and Fellow of Queens’ College, Cambridge
  • President of the Institute of Mathematics and its Applications
  • Author of Hello World: How to Be Human in the Age of the Machine (2018) – winner of the 2020 Asimov Prize; shortlisted for the Baillie Gifford Prize for Non-Fiction and the Royal Society Science Book Prize
  • Christopher Zeeman Medal (2018) and Royal Society David Attenborough Award (2024) for contributions to science communication
  • Delivered the 2019 Royal Institution Christmas Lectures – only the fourth mathematician to do so since Michael Faraday established the series in 1825
  • BBC presenter across AI Confidential with Hannah Fry (2026), The Secret Genius of Modern Life (BBC Two), and Bloomberg Originals’ The Future with Hannah Fry (2023); regular contributor to The New Yorker; TED Talk “The Mathematics of Love” has exceeded five million views

Biography

Hannah Fry spent over a decade at UCL studying the mathematics of cities – how people move through urban space, where crime clusters, how disease propagates through populations. Her research was applied: she worked directly with governments, police forces, health analysts, and supermarkets. The question she returned to consistently was what happens when those decisions are automated, and whether the automation can be trusted.

Her book Hello World (2018) answered that question with precision. Algorithms are not objective – they encode the biases embedded in the data they were trained on, often before anyone noticed. The response, she argued, is not to distrust AI but to design governance that keeps humans genuinely in the loop. She called this the “cyborg future” – a practical framework for accountability, not a metaphor. The book won the 2020 Asimov Prize and was shortlisted for the Baillie Gifford Prize for Non-Fiction and the Royal Society Science Book Prize.

In January 2025, she became Cambridge’s first Professor of the Public Understanding of Mathematics, following in the footsteps of David Spiegelhalter and Stephen Hawking as a public interpreter of the discipline. She also serves as President of the Institute of Mathematics and its Applications and holds a Fellowship of the Royal Academy of Engineering.

Her media work extends the argument across audiences that no academic publication reaches. BBC Two’s AI Confidential with Hannah Fry (2026) investigated how AI is reshaping human relationships and institutional decisions. The Secret Genius of Modern Life ran over two BBC Two series. She delivered the 2019 Royal Institution Christmas Lectures – only the fourth mathematician in the lectures’ 200-year history to do so – and writes regularly for The New Yorker. For leadership teams moving from AI adoption to AI accountability, that combination of mathematical rigour and public clarity is not a communications asset. It is the substance of what she brings.

Key speaking topics

  • AI and algorithmic decision-making
  • Data bias and algorithmic fairness
  • Human-machine governance
  • Risk and probability in complex systems
  • The mathematics of human behaviour
  • Urban data and city systems
  • Science communication and mathematical literacy

Ideal for

  • Executive and board-level audiences setting AI governance and risk policy
  • Chief Data Officers, Chief Technology Officers, and senior technology strategy teams
  • Leadership conferences addressing responsible AI adoption in regulated industries – healthcare, financial services, criminal justice
  • Public sector audiences navigating the use of predictive and automated systems

Audience outcomes

  • A clearer understanding of how algorithmic bias is produced and why it is mathematically difficult to eliminate without deliberate trade-offs
  • A practical mental model – drawn from the Hello World framework – for when to trust algorithmic output and when to retain human judgment
  • Confidence to engage substantively with AI governance questions without requiring deep technical knowledge
  • Greater ability to interrogate the assumptions behind data-driven outputs, rather than treating them as authoritative
  • A vocabulary for discussing AI risk that is precise and usable in board-level and policy conversations

Talks

Data, Bias, and the Gap Between What Is Counted and What Matters

An examination of how data’s unearned reputation for objectivity leads organisations to embed bias into automated decisions – and what it takes to build genuine accountability into data-driven systems.

Key takeaways:

  • Data reflects the choices made in its collection; it is not a neutral record of the world
  • The instinct to quantify everything creates a systematic gap between what genuinely matters and what can be measured
  • Organisations can build scrutiny into data-driven processes – but only if leaders understand where the gaps between the model and reality actually lie

Humans and Algorithms: Designing the Decision-Making Partnership

An exploration of how automated decision-making intersects with human judgment, where the combination produces better outcomes, and where it creates new and under-examined categories of risk.

Key takeaways:

  • Human decision-making is genuinely and consistently biased; algorithmic systems are an attempt to correct those biases – but they introduce new ones in the process
  • The productive question is not human versus machine but how to design systems where each compensates for the other’s specific failures
  • Practical guidance for leaders on when to trust algorithmic output and when to retain human oversight – drawn from the Hello World governance framework

Videos

Testimonials

Fantastic and so relevant for the people attending! Really good presentation and lively Q&A.
The Data Lab

Books

Hello World: How to be Human in the Age of the Machine
You are accused of a crime. Who would you rather determined your fate – a human or an algorithm? An algorithm is more consiste…
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